Currency Requirements and Guidance for the Flight Review and Instrument Proficiency Check (AC 61-98E)
Advisory Circular 61-98E provides guidance on pilot currency requirements and the flight review (formerly BFR) required every 24 calendar months under 14 CFR 61.56. It also covers the Instrument Proficiency Check (IPC) requirements, WINGS program participation as an alternative to the flight review, and recommended review topics.
Why This Document Matters
Every certificated pilot must complete a flight review within the preceding 24 calendar months to act as pilot in command. This AC provides guidance for both pilots preparing for their flight review and instructors conducting one. It outlines the minimum requirements (1 hour ground, 1 hour flight), recommended topics, and how WINGS program participation can substitute for the flight review. For CFI candidates, understanding this AC is important because conducting flight reviews is one of the most common activities for a working flight instructor.
Chapter-by-Chapter Guide
What each section covers and the key topics to study
1Flight Review Requirements
Regulatory basis, minimum requirements, and recommended content for the flight review.
Flight Review Requirements
Regulatory basis, minimum requirements, and recommended content for the flight review.
Key Topics
2Alternatives and WINGS Program
Ways to satisfy the flight review requirement including the WINGS Pilot Proficiency Program.
Alternatives and WINGS Program
Ways to satisfy the flight review requirement including the WINGS Pilot Proficiency Program.
Key Topics
Study Tips
- Remember that a flight review is NOT a test — you cannot fail it. However, the instructor must endorse your logbook indicating you satisfactorily completed the review. If not satisfactory, no endorsement is given and you need additional training.
- Know the WINGS alternative: completing a phase of the WINGS program satisfies the flight review requirement. This can be a more structured and ongoing approach to proficiency.
- As a CFI candidate, be prepared to explain how you would conduct a flight review including what ground topics and flight maneuvers you would cover based on the pilot's experience and currency.
Frequently Asked Questions
How often do I need a flight review?
You must complete a flight review within the preceding 24 calendar months to act as pilot in command. The review must include at least 1 hour of ground instruction and 1 hour of flight training. Other events can reset the clock, such as passing a practical test or completing a WINGS phase.
Can I fail a flight review?
Technically, you cannot 'fail' a flight review — it is not a test. However, if the instructor determines your performance is not satisfactory, they will not provide a logbook endorsement. Without the endorsement, you cannot exercise PIC privileges until you satisfactorily complete a flight review.
Quick Facts
- Document ID
- AC 61-98E
- Last Updated
- 2016
- Cost
- Free
- Publisher
- FAA
Applies To
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Currency Requirements and Guidance for the Flight Review and Instrument Proficiency Check (AC 61-98E) is an official FAA publication available at FAA.gov
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